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# Discourses of Suffering

Early modern religious controversies

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- [XML Sitemap](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Sophie Oliver, ‘Sacred and (Sub)human Pain', Facebook Beheadings...](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sophie-oliver-sacred-and-subhuman-pain-facebook-beheadings/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME While this post is mainly on the topic of modern perceptions of suffering, it is perhaps of relevance to early modernists as an example of how perceptions and values change over time, and the difficulties of approaching a culture whose moral and ethical compass may differ substantially from our own.
- [Seventeenth-century tidbits #3: Rude Boys and nudity in Seventeenth-Century England](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/rude-boys-in-seventeenth-century-england/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Far from originating in the Jamaican ska scene of the 1960s, rude boys (and girls) were flourishing in the seventeenth century, gaining particular note for their attacks on Quakers, to the extent that George Foxe recommended ‘that some Friends be appointed at every Meeting to keep the Doors, to keep
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #7: A broomstick's-eye view of London](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-7-a-broomsticks-eye-view-of-london/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME This is wonderful!
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #6: The Colour of Carrots](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-6-the-colour-of-carrots/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME In the seventeenth century most carrots were coloured purple!
- [Medieval sex](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medieval-sex/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME The History Blog has an amusing flow chart on medieval sex. OK, it’s a bit outside our scope, but a lot of it still rings true for the early modern period.
- [The Early Modern View of Evil](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-early-modern-view-of-evil/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME I’d like in this post to ruminate a bit on some points raised in a couple of papers on early modern thinking on the nature of evil by Samuel Newlands. The papers are:Leibniz on Privations, Limitations, and the Metaphysics of Evil (henceforth ‘Leibnitz’)Evils, Privations, and the Early Moderns (henceforth ‘Evils’)A
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #5: Sex and the Seventeenth Century](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-5-sex-and-the-seventeenth-century/) - Conversation de dames en l’absence de leurs maris : le dîner by Abraham Bosse (1650) Women’s gossip about their sex lives in seventeenth-century England: Sex & The c17th City From the blog History of Love: Romantic relationships 1660–1837.
- [Chorier’s Satyra Sotadica and the Beginnings of the Pornography of Pain](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/choriers-satyra-sotadica-and-the-beginnings-of-the-pornography-of-pain/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Rather than developing from native English discourses, the association of Catholicism with sexual flagellation in late seventeenth-century England is mainly a product of the same southern/Latin/Catholic culture that produced the lives of the saints. Most of the same ingredients as are to be found in English writings – political and/or
- ["Hudibras" and the Puritan Mindset](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/hudibras-and-the-puritan-mindset/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME If matrimony and hanging goBy dest’ny, why not whipping too?(Samuel Butler, Hudibras. The Second Part, London, 1664), p. 60; 2.1, ll. 839–40). ‘Marriages’, Lyly says, ‘are made in heauen, though consumated in earth’ (John Lyly, Euphues and his England, London, 1580, p. 129), and Eliot renders the French proverb, ‘Qui
- [Alec Ryrie on Suffering among Early Modern Protestants](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/alec-ryrie-on-suffering-among-early-modern-protestants/) - I am currently reading Alec Ryrie’s Being Protestant in Reformation Britain (Oxford University Press, 2013), which is one of the best books on the Reformation in Britain to come out this year, and perhaps this decade.Ryrie’s book aims to answer in relation to the early modern Protestant the question the little boy at the zoo
- [The Genealogy of Masochism](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-genealogy-of-masochism/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Krafft-Ebing’s derivation of sadism and masochism from the names of Sade and Sacher-Masoch (Richard von Krafft-Ebing, Psychopathia Sexualis: eine Klinisch-Forensische Studie, 1886; edition used, 1894, p. 11) may not be fully analogous to Freud’s appropriation of the name of Oedipus, but still less can the relationship between Sade and Sacher-Masoch
- [The Dominatrix in Early Modern Times](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-dominatrix-in-early-modern-times/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Saint Jerome tells a queer story of a Christian captured by the Romans. To destroy his soul, rather than his body, he was (as the Catholic translation of 1630 has it) taken and… led aside into a most delicious garden & there in the middest of pure lyllies, and blushing
- [Discourses of Suffering reviewed on Amazon](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/another-review-on-amazon-2/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Perversely pleasurable history of painYamamoto-Wilson’s scholarly and fascinating work deals with that most troubling and elusive of subjects: pain, and the ways that human beings have coped with it, thought about it, and indeed, inflicted it on others, over successive centuries. Because although – as the subtitle indicates – this
- [Homoeroticism in Foxe's Book of Martyrs](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/homoeroticism-in-foxes-book-of-martyrs/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Unlike Catholic suffering, which (at least in its monastic context, where penance went hand in hand with chastity) was frequently overtly linked with sexuality, Protestant suffering generally relates to sex only obliquely. Whereas, for example, Anthony of Padua’s biographer explicitly traces the saint’s determination to eradicate sexual desire by means
- [Two studies on early modern Catholic/ Proestant polemic](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-studies-ebooks/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME It’s been a while since I posted here. I’ve been doing a lot of travelling, there are other projects I’m working on, and suddenly I find it’s been months since I last posted. It’s not that I haven’t been working on the early modern period. Last summer, I was back
- [Suffering Saints](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/suffering-saints/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME The Penitent Saint Jerome, Lorenzo Lotto, c. 1513 During the seventeenth century, there were more than a hundred Catholic editions in English of exemplary lives of saints and other holy people, most of which emphasize a willingness – amounting sometimes to what appears to be a compulsion – to suffer
- [The history of emotions](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-history-of-the-emotions/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME There’s a good blog on the history of emotions here. It contains an interesting review of Javier Moscoso, Pain: A Cultural History, (Palgrave Macmillan, 2012), a work which I had not previously come across.
- [Christia Mercer on suffering and sympathy](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/christia-mercer-on-suffering-and-sympathy/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Here is a link to a PDF file placed in the public domain by Christia Mercer, Professor of Philosophy at Columbia College.Knowledge and Suffering in Early Modern Philosophy: G.W. Leibniz and Anne ConwayMercer also has a chapter in Sympathy: A History (OUP, 2015).The links are valid at the time of
- [Dissection and anatomy](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/dissection-and-anatomy/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Jonathan Sawday, The Body Emblazoned: Dissection and the Human Body in Renaissance Culture (Routledge, 1995; paperback, 1996) This book gives a fascinating account of the beginnings of scientific rationalism and the way in which the body came to be seen as a kind of machine, with a wide array of sources
- [Sexual flagellation in early modern times](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sexual-flagellation-in-early-modern-times/) - These images, illustrating passages from John Cleland’s Fanny Hill, date from 1766. Although such practices were described in 17th-century literature, it was not until the 18th century that they came to be represented graphically. Foucault’s claims about the frankness and tolerance of early modern discourse (Michel Foucault, Histoire de la Sexualité 1: La Volonté de
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #4: More about bras](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-4-more-about-bras/) - Just when you think you know something someone comes along and turns it all upside down! There I was – along with pretty much everyone else who’d bothered to give the matter a second thought – all cocooned in my certainty that the early modern breast was corseted, and someone goes and digs up a
- [Suffering in Early Modern Germany](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/suffering-in-early-modern-germany/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Ronald K. Rittgers, The Reformation of Suffering: Pastoral Theology and Lay Piety in Late Medieval and Early Modern Germany (OUP, 2012). Another publication that falls geographically outside the scope of my own work, but is thematically very much on-topic. Rittgers emphasizes Protestant patience in accepting suffering as part of God’s
- [Humiliation, Ignatius Loyola and the suffering of Christ](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/ignatius-loyola/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Dominique Bouhours (The Life of St. Ignatius, London, 1686, pp. 64–5) recounts how Ignatius, wandering between the French and Spanish armies, is suspected of being a spy and apprehended by some Spanish soldiers:They stript him, and carried him in his shirt to their Captain. The Remembrance of Jesus Christ, expos’d
- [John Bunyan and the Acceptable Sacrifice](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/john-bunyan/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Given that Bunyan accepts the premises of a God who can actually bestow an eternity of bliss on the chosen and a devil who will eternally torture the condemned it makes good sense for him to submit to the metaphorical ‘rod’ of his Lord for the sake of the salvation
- [Discourses of Suffering on Facebook](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/discourses-of-suffering-on-facebook-2/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Click here for Discourses of Suffering on Facebook!
- [Epicureanism and sedition](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/epicureanism-and-sedition/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Rubens The Feast of Achelous 1615 Misconceptions about Epicureanism were rife during the early modern period. The most deep-rooted and persistent misconception of all was the equation of Epicureanism with hedonism. Despite the sixteenth-century ‘“rehabilitation” of Epicurus by Valla, Erasmus, Ficino, and Landino (among others)’, and the fact that ‘Montaigne
- [Discourses of Suffering](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/discoursesofsuffering/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME My book is out! John R. Yamamoto-Wilson, Pain, Pleasure and Perversity: Discourses of Suffering in Seventeenth-Century England (Ashgate, 2013), is now available on Amazon.
- [Toulalan, Imagining Sex](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/toulalan-_imagining-sex_/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Toulalan’s book gives a fairly comprehensive insight into attitudes towards sex in the seventeenth century, building on the insights gained by works like Ian Moulton, Before Pornography: Erotic Writing in Early Modern England (OUP, 2000), but I have a fair few criticisms. Toulalan assumes that Foucault got it right in
- [Loving one's enemies](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/loving-ones-enemies/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Despite institutionalized punishments that most people today would consider to be cruel, emphasis on compassion – a heartfelt assertion that ‘true Christians haue compassion towards their enemies’ (Thomas Wilson, Saints by Calling: or Called to be Saints, London, 1620, p. 386) – is one of the salient features of seventeenth-century
- [The Art of Suffering](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-art-of-suffering/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Ann Thompson, The Art of Suffering and the Impact of Seventeenth-Century Anti-Providential Thought (Ashgate, 2003). This book gives a useful insight into the decline of the ‘art of suffering’ in the seventeenth century. As Thompson explains, during the earlier part of the century, writers like Richard Rogers, Paul Baynes, John Downame,
- [Pain and Compassion](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/pain-and-compassion/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Jan Frans van Dijkhuizen, Pain and Compassion in Early Modern English Literature and Culture (D.S. Brewer, 2012)This came out after I had submitted my manuscript to the publishers, and I was therefore not able to make use of it in my own work. However, Dijkhuizen wrote ‘Religious Meanings of Pain
- [The Spectacle of Suffering](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-spectacle-of-suffering/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Montaigne, describing a public execution he witnessed while in Rome, expresses his horror at the cruelty of those whoinvent vnused tortures and vnheard-off torments; to devise new and vnknowne deathes, and that in colde blood, without any former enmitie or quarrel, or without any gaine or profit; and onely to
- [The Sex Lives of Saints](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-sex-lives-of-saints/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME This is another book I found very useful in my work on early modern attitudes towards suffering. Virgina Burrus, The Sex Lives of Saints (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007), discusses the saints of the early Christian period, but it got me thinking about how the accounts of these saints were
- [Recommended Reading: _Erotic Subjects_](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/recommended-reading-_erotic-subjects_/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Of all the modern scholarship I consulted in the writing of my own book (Pain, Pleasure and Perversity: Discourses of Suffering in Seventeenth-Century England), Melissa E. Sanchez, Erotic Subjects: The Sexuality of Politics in Early Modern English Literature (OUP, 2011) was probably the one I liked best. Admittedly, my reasons
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #2: Before the Bra - the Radical Option](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-2-before-the-bra-the-radical-option/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME As the nameless and disreputable-looking lady above and the Duchess of Monmouth below attest, the radical option was simply to go without! Find out more here.
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #1: Ladies Spat in the Theatre!](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-1-ladies-spat-in-the-theatre/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME On the 25th of January, 1661, Samuel Pepys ‘went to the Theatre, where I saw again “The Lost Lady,” which do now please me better than before; and here I sitting in a dark place, a lady spit backward upon me by a mistake, not seeing me, but after seeing
- [On Mary Wroth's Urania](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/on-mary-wroths-_urania_/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Mary Wroth’s Urania (London, 1621) poses profound problems for feminist critics; here we have the first major full-length work of fiction in English by a woman and it contains some of the most graphically sadomasochistic scenes of male domination and female submission that the seventeenth century has to offer. ‘What,
- [On Sexual Flagellation](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/on-sexual-flagellation/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME Foucault analyses modern sexual identities as social constructs of fairly recent (mainly nineteenth-century) origin. He contends that, ‘At the beginning of the seventeenth century there was still a certain frankness. Sexual practices were hardly kept secret … people had a certain tolerant familiarity with the illicit’ (Histoire de la Sexualité
- [Suffering in the Seventeenth Century](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/suffering-in-the-seventeenth-century/) - [table id=23 /] BLOG HOME
- [Finding the Witch’s Mark: Female Participation in the Judicial System During the Hopkins Trials 1645-47](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/finding-the-witchs-mark-female-participation-in-the-judicial-system-during-the-hopkins-trials-1645-47/) - LUNDQUIST, Shannon M. 2014 Women's role in the witch hunts of early modern Europe. Contributing factors, common accusations, methods of identifying witches, etc.
- [Prayer Book and People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/prayer-book-and-people-in-elizabethan-and-early-stuart-england/) - MALTBY, Judith. 2000 Maltby focuses on "prayer book Protestants", that is, those who, out of personal conviction, conformed to the Church of England up to the outbreak of the Civil War.
- [Female Servants in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/female-servants-in-early-modern-england/) - MANSELL, Charmian 2024 Mansell draws on over 1000 testimonies drawn from English church court records of the experiences of women in domestic service between 1532 and 1649.
- [Elizabethan Controversialists.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/elizabethan-controversialists/) - MILWARD, Peter. 2022 This work is, in effect, Peter Milward's guided tour of his survey, Religious controversies of the Elizabethan age. Published posthumously.
- [Martyrdom and Literature in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/martyrdom-and-literature-in-early-modern-england/) - MONTA, Susannah Brietz. 2005 A study of the representation of Protestant and Catholic martyrs during the Reformation, illustrating the competing discourses of martyrdom, exploring a wide range of sources, many of which were popular in their day, but have since fallen into neglect and obscurity.
- [Literature and Architecture in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literature-and-architecture-in-early-modern-england/) - MYERS, Anne M. 2013 Examines the relationship between sixteenth- and seventeenth-century architectural and literary works.
- [Early Modern England: Politics, Religion, and Society under the Tudors and Stuarts.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-england-politics-religion-and-society-under-the-tudors-and-stuarts/) - WRIGHTSON, Keith E. 2009 An introduction to the development of English society between the late fifteenth and the early eighteenth centuries. Topics covered include the changing social structure, gender roles, economic development, religious change, the Tudor and Stuart monarchies, witchcraft and education, literacy and print culture; crime and the law; poverty and social welfare;
- [Stereotypes and stereotyping in early modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/stereotypes-and-stereotyping-in-early-modern-england/) - YAMAMOTO, Koji (editor). 2022 This book "explores practices of stereotyping as contested processes", adducing case studies from the period to show "how stereotypes and their mobilisation shaped various negotiations of power, in spheres of life such as politics, religion, everyday life and knowledge production".
- [Catholic literature and the rise of Anglicanism.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/catholic-literature-and-the-rise-of-anglicanism/) - YAMAMOTO-WILSON, John R. 2022 (2002) Protestant editions of Catholic literature during the early modern period.
- [Early modern period.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-period/) - YAMAMOTO-WILSON, John R. Videos covering various aspects of the literature and history of early modern England.
- [Pain, pleasure and perversity: discourses of suffering in seventeenth-century England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/pain-pleasure-and-perversity-discourses-of-suffering-in-seventeenth-century-england/) - YAMAMOTO-WILSON, John R. 2013 An in-depth study of early modern attitudes towards suffering, with particular emphasis on the differences in perception between Catholics and Protestants.
- [Reformation of the Church in 16th-century England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/reformation-of-the-church-in-16th-century-england/) - YAMAMOTO-WILSON, John R. 2021 An overview of the English Reformation.
- [Feeling Exclusion:
Religious Conflict, Exile and Emotions in Early Modern Europe.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/feeling-exclusionreligious-conflict-exile-and-emotions-in-early-modern-europe/) - TARANTINO, Giovanni, and Charles Zika (editors). 2019 A study of the emotional experience of exclusion at the heart of the religious life of persecuted and exiled individuals and communities in early modern Europe.
- [Church Courts and the People in Seventeenth-Century England](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/church-courts-and-the-people-in-seventeenth-century-england/) - THOMSON, Andrew. 2022 A survey of three dioceses across the course of the seventeenth century, covering such issues as attendance at court, completion of business and the scale of guilt to test the performance of the courts. This study challenges orthodox perceptions of excommunication, penance and juries, contextualising ecclesiastical justice within major societal issues
- [Reformation to Revolution: Politics and Religion in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/reformation-to-revolution-politics-and-religion-in-early-modern-england/) - TODD, Margot (editor). 1995 An introduction to the historiographical debates about politics and religion in early modern England.
- [England's Long Reformation: 1500-1800](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/englands-long-reformation-1500-1800/) - TYACKE, Nicholas (editor). 2003 Challenges the notion that the Reformation was purely a 16th-century phenomenon and takes a broader look at "the making of a Protestant nation" over three centuries.
- [Church Papists: Catholicism, conformity and confessional polemic in early modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/church-papists-catholicism-conformity-and-confessional-polemic-in-early-modern-england/) - WALSHAM, Alexandra. 1999 "Church papists" were Catholics who, unlike recusants, conformed outwardly to the requirement to attend Church of England services. The focus on recusants led to the neglect of this sizeable number of Elizabethans, whose role and relevance is demonstrated in this seminal work.
- [Memory and the English Reformation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/memory-and-the-english-reformation/) - WALSHAM, Alexandra, Bronwyn Wallace, Ceri Law, Brian Cummings (editors). 2020 "Examining dissident as well as official versions , this richly illustrated, interdisciplinary collection traces how memory of the religious revolution evolved in the two centuries following the Henrician schism, and how the Reformation embedded itself in the early modern cultural imagination."
- [Senses in early modern England, 1558–1660.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/senses-in-early-modern-england-1558-1660/) - WATSON, Jackie, and Simon Smith (editors). 2020 The essays in this work offer "a picture of early modern thought in which sensory encounters are unstable, suggesting ways in which the senses are influenced by the contexts in which they are experienced: at night, in states of sexual excitement, or even when melancholic. The book
- [The Material Culture of Wills, England 1540-1790.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-material-culture-of-wills-england-1540-1790/) - WHITTLE, Jane, et al. 2023- A four-year Leverhulme-funded project to "transcribe, index and analyse the contents of a very large sample of 25,000 English wills from the Prerogative Court of Canterbury".
- [Religion and Drama in Early Modern England: The performance of religion on the Renaissance stage.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/religion-and-drama-in-early-modern-england-the-performance-of-religion-on-the-renaissance-stage/) - DEGENHARDT, Jane Hwang, Elizabeth Williamson (editors). 2011 "Focusing on the plays of Shakespeare as well as a range of other playwrights, individual essays explore the material conditions of performance, the intricate resonances between dramatic performance and religious ceremonies, and the multiple valences of religious references in early modern plays."
- [English Reformation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/english-reformation/) - DICKENS, A.G. 1966 (1964) The second edition. Dickens traces the Reformation to its late medieval roots, through to the Elizabethan Settlement and the rise of puritanism.
- [Stripping of the Altars: Traditional religion in England, c.1400-c.1580.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/stripping-of-the-altars-traditional-religion-in-england-c-1400-c-1580/) - DUFFY, Eamon. 2005 Duffy argues that the Catholic Church in England was rich and vibrant and the the Reformation was a violent - and, for many, unwelcome - disruption of hallowed traditions.
- [Errors, False Opinions and Defective Knowledge in Early Modern Europe](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/errors-false-opinions-and-defective-knowledge-in-early-modern-europe/) - FAINI, Marco, and Marco Sgarbi (editors). 2023 This book explores the efforts at establishing religious, political, and scientific orthodoxy made by philosophers, doctors, philologists, scientists and theologians during the early modern period. Ranging geographically from Italy to France, England, and Germany, the articles gathered here provide stimulating glimpses into one of the most controversial
- [Early Modern Digital Review](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-digital-review/) - FREEBURY-JONES, Darren, and Isabella Magni (editors). 2018- Refereed journal publishing reviews of digital projects related to early modern society and culture, evaluating established digital resources and recent tools and projects.
- [Witchfinders: A Seventeenth-Century English Tragedy.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/witchfinders-a-seventeenth-century-english-tragedy/) - GASKILL, Malcolm. 2007 A detailed account of the activities of Matthew Hopkins and John Stearne.
- [John Foxe's <i>Acts and Monuments</i> and the Lollard
Legacy in the Long English Reformation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/john-foxes-acts-and-monuments-and-the-lollardlegacy-in-the-long-english-reformation/) - ROYAL, Susan Ann. 2013 A study of the extent to which the Lollards of the late Middle Ages influenced the Protestant Reformation in England.
- [Domestic Devotions in Medieval and Early Modern Europe.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/domestic-devotions-in-medieval-and-early-modern-europe/) - RYAN, Salvador (editor). 2020 A collection of papers investigating "the degree to which the experience of personal or familial religious practice in the domestic realm intersected with the more public expression of faith in liturgical or communal settings". The geographical range covers most of Europe, and there are chapters on Judaism and Islam, along
- [Being Protestant in Reformation Britain.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/being-protestant-in-reformation-britain/) - RYRIE, Eric. 2013 "Alec Ryrie provides the first comprehensive account of what it actually meant to live a Protestant life in England and Scotland between c. 1530-1640, drawing on a rich mixture of contemporary devotional works, sermons, diaries, biographies, and autobiographies to uncover the lived experience of early modern Protestantism."
- [Liturgical Commemoration of the English Reformation, 1534-1635.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/liturgical-commemoration-of-the-english-reformation-1534-1635/) - RYRIE, Eric. 2020 "This essay considers one of the most resounding silences of the English post-Reformation: how the Reformation was or, mostly, was not commemorated in the Church of England’s liturgical life." This essay went on to become a chapter in Memory and the English Reformation (2020), edited by Alexandra Walsham et al.
- [Religious Dissimulation and Toleration in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/religious-dissimulation-and-toleration-in-early-modern-england/) - SCHINDLER, Kilian. 2023 Kilian Schindler examines how playwrights such as William Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, and Christopher Marlowe represented religious dissimulation on stage and argues that debates about the legitimacy of dissembling one's faith were closely bound up with early modern conceptions of theatricality.
- [Surgery and Selfhood in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/surgery-and-selfhood-in-early-modern-england/) - SKUSE, Alanna 2021 Skuse explores early modern attitudes towards the altered body, from mastectomy to castration and amputation to facial reconstruction.
- ['‘Rapt Up with Joy": Children’s Emotional Responses to Death in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/rapt-up-with-joy-childrens-emotional-responses-to-death-in-early-modern-england/) - NEWTON, Hannah, 2017 "Newton argues that dying children expressed diverse and conflicting passions, from fear to ecstasy. The underlying question is to what extent children’s experiences differed from those of adults. While the range of emotions was similar, the preoccupations of children differed; these included a concern about surviving siblings, and a more vivid
- [A Celebration of Women Writers.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/a-celebration-of-women-writers/) - OCKERBLOOM, Mary Bloom. 11994- Women writers living in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
- [Journal of Early Modern Studies (JEMS).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/journal-of-early-modern-studies-jems/) - PALLOTTI, Donatella, and Paola Pugliatti Since 2012 This journal "promotes interdisciplinary research and discussion on ... early modern European culture" and "provides a platform for international scholarly debate ... over a wide disciplinary spectrum: literature, language, art, history, politics, sociology, religion and cultural studies". It is "open to a range of research perspectives and
- [The Popish Plot: A Study in the History of the Reign of Charles II.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-popish-plot-a-study-in-the-history-of-the-reign-of-charles-ii/) - POLLOCK, John 1903 Pollock provides a detailed analysis of the plot's key players, from Oates himself to the perjured witnesses who corroborated his lies, and the judges and politicians who exploited the panic for their own ends. The book examines how the plot's fabricators manipulated public opinion through rumor and propaganda, leading to the
- [Making and Unmaking in Early Modern English Drama - Spectators, Aesthetics and Incompletion.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/making-and-unmaking-in-early-modern-english-drama-spectators-aesthetics-and-incompletion/) - PORTER, Chloe. 2014 This book focuses on "the prevalence and significance of visual things that are ‘under construction’ in early modern plays" and "explores the drama as a part of a lively post-Reformation visual world."
- [Catholics and Treason: Martyrology, Memory, and Politics in the Post-Reformation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/catholics-and-treason-martyrology-memory-and-politics-in-the-post-reformation/) - QUESTIER, Michael. 2022 Questier illustrates the ways in which early modern English Catholics described and defined themselves, drawing on contemporary narratives relating to the application to Catholics of the law of treason.
- [Conversion, Politics and Religion in England, 1580-1625.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/conversion-politics-and-religion-in-england-1580-1625/) - QUESTIER, Michael. 1996 This study concentrates on the experience of individual converts in the context of the political implications of conversion. Questier explores the ways in which people were exhorted to change religion, how they experienced conversion, and how they faced demands for Protestant conformity.
- [Religious Conflict and Accommodation in the Early Modern World.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/religious-conflict-and-accommodation-in-the-early-modern-world/) - RAGNOW, Marguerite and William D. Phillips Jr (editors). 2011 These essays, arising from a conference inspired by the 2001 al-Quaeda attacks on the United States, demonstrate the relevance of early modern religious conflict to today's world.
- [Medieval Cruelty: Changing Perceptions, Late Antiquity to the Early Modern Period.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medieval-cruelty-changing-perceptions-late-antiquity-to-the-early-modern-period/) - BARAZ, Daniel. 2019 "Daniel Baraz makes the striking discovery that the concept of cruelty, which had been an important issue in late antiquity, received little attention in the medieval period before the thirteenth century. From that point on, interest in cruelty increased until it reached a peak late in the sixteenth century."
- [Memoirs of the Life of Mary Queen of Scots, volume 1.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/memoirs-of-the-life-of-mary-queen-of-scots-volume-1/) - BENGER, Elizabeth Ogilvy. 1823 An influential and original account of the life of Mary, Queen of Scots. This first volume covers her formative years in France.
- [Memoirs of the Life of Mary Queen of Scots, volume 2.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/memoirs-of-the-life-of-mary-queen-of-scots-volume-2/) - BENGER, Elizabeth Ogilvy. 1823 The second volume of the life of Mary Queen of Scots, covering her tumultuous reign in Scotland, her imprisonment and her ultimate execution.
- [Literary Culture in Early Modern England, 1630-1700](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literary-culture-in-early-modern-england-1630-1700/) - BERENSMEYER, Ingo. 2020 Berensmeyer explores connections between material, epistemic, and political conditions of literary writing and reading, noting the shift towards neoclassicism.
- [Protestant Reformation and early modern English Culture.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/protestant-reformation-and-early-modern-english-culture/) - BLANNING, Tim. 2013 This lecture by Tim Blanning provides insights into the major cultural impacts of the English Reformation, including effects on portraiture, architecture, universities, music, and the rise of English nationalism.
- [Travelling Chronicles
News and Newspapers from the Early Modern
Period to the Eighteenth Century.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/travelling-chroniclesnews-and-newspapers-from-the-early-modernperiod-to-the-eighteenth-century/) - BRANDTZAED, Siv Gøril, Paul Goring and Christine Watson (editors) 2018 A collection of papers by leading scholars in the field of news studies, presenting fourteen episodes in the history of news and newspapers.
- [Gender and Defamation in York, 1660-1700.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/gender-and-defamation-in-york-1660-1700/) - HOWARD, Sharon 2015 "A small but useful resource for research into early modern defamation, slander, gossip and defamation.
- [London Lives Petition Project.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/london-lives-petition-project/) - HOWARD, Sharon 2015 Howard explores some 10,000 petitions and petitioning letters addressed to magistrates in the records of London and Middlesex Sessions of the Peace between 1690 and 1800.
- [Emotion in the Tudor Court.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/emotion-in-the-tudor-court/) - IRISH, Bradley. 2018 Irish "argues that the dynamics of disgust, envy, rejection, and dread, as they are currently theorized in the modern affective sciences, can be seen to guide textual production in the early modern court".
- [Gabriel Harvey and the History of Reading.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/gabriel-harvey-and-the-history-of-reading/) - JARDINE, Lisa, et al. Edited by Anthony Grafton, Nicholas Popper and William Sherman. 2024 Gabriel Harvey's copious marginal notes to the works of other writers offer a unique insight into
- [Early Modern Literature and England’s Long Reformation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-literature-and-englands-long-reformation/) - LOEWENSTEIN, David, and Alison Shell (editors). 2020 A collection of essays arguing that the Reformation extended well beyond the sixteenth century
- [Poetic Theory and Practice
in Early Modern Verse](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/poetic-theory-and-practicein-early-modern-verse/) - LUIS-MARTÍNEZ, Zenón (editor) 2023 The essays in this book explore the intersections between poetry, poetics and other discourses, such as logic, rhetoric, natural philosophy, medicine, mythography and religion. Along with familiar figures like Reading canonical poets and critics – Sidney, Spenser, Marlowe, Shakespeare, Puttenham and Dryden, the authors discuss a number of less well-known
- [What was the Gunpowder Plot? The traditional story tested by original evidence.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/what-was-the-gunpowder-plot-the-traditional-story-tested-by-original-evidence/) - GERARD, John. 1897 A Catholic perspective. Gerard argues that, rather than it being a genuine conspiracy by religious extremists. the plot was manipulated - or even instigated - by Robert Cecil, King James I's chief minister, as a means to justify the persecution of Catholics and consolidate his own power.
- [Literary and Biographical History, or Bibliographical Dictionary, of the English Catholics: from the breach with Rome, in 1534, to the present time. Volume 1 (Abbot to Curr).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literary-and-biographical-history-or-bibliographical-dictionary-of-the-english-catholics-from-the-breach-with-rome-in-1534-to-the-present-time-volume-1-abbot-to-curr/) - GILLOW, Joseph 1885 Gillow's Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Catholics is a monumental five-volume work that provides biographical details on English Catholics from the Reformation period, making it an invaluable resource for researching Catholic family histories and the history of Catholicism in England during the penal times.
- [Literary and Biographical History, or Bibliographical Dictionary, of the English Catholics: from the breach with Rome, in 1534, to the present time. Volume 2 (Dacre to Gradwell).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literary-and-biographical-history-or-bibliographical-dictionary-of-the-english-catholics-from-the-breach-with-rome-in-1534-to-the-present-time-volume-2-dacre-to-gradwell/) - GILLOW, Joseph 1885-1902 Gillow's Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Catholics is a monumental five-volume work that provides biographical details on English Catholics from the Reformation period, making it an invaluable resource for researching Catholic family histories and the history of Catholicism in England during the penal times.
- [Literary and Biographical History, or Bibliographical Dictionary, of the English Catholics: from the breach with Rome, in 1534, to the present time. Volume 3 (Graham to Kemble).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literary-and-biographical-history-or-bibliographical-dictionary-of-the-english-catholics-from-the-breach-with-rome-in-1534-to-the-present-time-volume-3-graham-to-kemble/) - GILLOW, Joseph 1885-1902 Gillow's Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Catholics is a monumental five-volume work that provides biographical details on English Catholics from the Reformation period, making it an invaluable resource for researching Catholic family histories and the history of Catholicism in England during the penal times.
- [Literary and Biographical History, or Bibliographical Dictionary, of the English Catholics: from the breach with Rome, in 1534, to the present time. Volume 4 (Kemeys to Metham).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literary-and-biographical-history-or-bibliographical-dictionary-of-the-english-catholics-from-the-breach-with-rome-in-1534-to-the-present-time-volume-4-kemeys-to-metham/) - GILLOW, Joseph 1885-1902 Gillow's Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Catholics is a monumental five-volume work that provides biographical details on English Catholics from the Reformation period, making it an invaluable resource for researching Catholic family histories and the history of Catholicism in England during the penal times.
- [Literary and Biographical History, or Bibliographical Dictionary, of the English Catholics: from the breach with Rome, in 1534, to the present time. Volume 5 (Meynell to Zoone).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literary-and-biographical-history-or-bibliographical-dictionary-of-the-english-catholics-from-the-breach-with-rome-in-1534-to-the-present-time-volume-5-meynell-to-zoone/) - GILLOW, Joseph 1885-1902 Gillow's Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Catholics is a monumental five-volume work that provides biographical details on English Catholics from the Reformation period, making it an invaluable resource for researching Catholic family histories and the history of Catholicism in England during the penal times.
- [Faithful translators.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/faithful-translators/) - GOODRICH, Jaime 2013 Women's translations of devotional and religious works in early modern England.
- [English Reformations: Religion, politics, and society under the Tudors.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/english-reformations-religion-politics-and-society-under-the-tudors/) - HAIGH, Christopher. 2012 (1993) Haigh emphasises the insecurity of the sixteenth century, with its upheavals and reversals of religious policy, challenging the view that the success of Protestantism was inevitable.
- [Literature and terrorism](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/literature-and-terrorism/) - The go-to guy for an understanding of the ways in which terrorism has been represented in literature is Peter C. Herman, author of Terrorism and Literature (Cambridge University Press, 2018) and Unspeakable: Literature and Terrorism from the Gunpowder Plot to 9/11 (Routledge, 2019). Although his scope is broader than the early modern period, he devotes
- [Early Modern Europe: an introduction.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-europe-an-introduction/) - BRUNTON, Deborah. A basic introduction to the early modern period.
- [Sex Lives of Saints: An erotics of ancient hagiography.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sex-lives-of-saints-an-erotics-of-ancient-hagiography/) - BURRUS, Virginia. 2010 "Focusing on hagiographical literature, Virginia Burrus [argues] that the early accounts of the lives of saints are not antierotic but rather convey a sublimely transgressive 'countereroticism' that resists the marital, procreative ethic of sexuality found in other strands of Christian tradition."
- [English Primers (1529-1545).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/english-primers-1529-1545/) - BUTTERWORTH, Charles C. 1953 Butterworth gives a detailed account of these English-language textbooks, which contained the basic prayers and religious teachings of Christianity, and which played a significant role in promoting both literacy and Protestantism among the common people.
- [The History of the Gun-Powder Plot, with Several Historical Circumstances Prior to that Event.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-history-of-the-gun-powder-plot-with-several-historical-circumstances-prior-to-that-event/) - CAULFIELD, James. 1804 A Protestant account. Caulfield provides a comprehensive narrative of the events and circumstances surrounding the Gunpowder Plot from a historical perspective. The book connects the Gunpowder Plot to broader alleged plots by Roman Catholics to re-establish Catholicism as the dominant religion in England, and presents the Gunpowder Plot as part of
- [Perdita Project.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/perdita-project/) - CLARKE, Elizabeth, et al. 1997- "An open-access, online, descriptive catalogue of manuscripts written or compiled by British women between 1500 and 1700, housed at Warwick University." Contains “everything but the text”.
- [Irregular Unions. Clandestine Marriage in Early Modern English Literature.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/irregular-unions-clandestine-marriage-in-early-modern-english-literature/) - CLELAND, Katharine. 2021 A "literary history of clandestine marriage in early modern England, revealing its controversial nature in the wake of the Elizabethan Religious Settlement, which standardized the marriage ritual for the first time". Through an examination of such works as The Faerie Queene, Othello, and The Merchant of Venice, Cleland "argues that early
- [Confessions of Faith in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/confessions-of-faith-in-early-modern-england/) - CONTI, Brooke. 2014 Examines such works as Milton's political tracts, Donne's polemical and devotional prose, Browne's Religio Medici, and Bunyan's Grace Abounding in the context of the contemporary political climate, and showing how autobiography was used to negotiate political, personal, and psychological demands.
- [Reception and Circulation of Early Modern Women’s Writing, 1550-1700 (RECIRC).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/reception-and-circulation-of-early-modern-womens-writing-1550-1700-recirc/) - COOLAHAN,Marie-Louise, et al. 2014-2020 "A research project about the impact made by women writers and their works in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
- [Keywords of Identity, Race, and Human Mobility in Early Modern England](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/keywords-of-identity-race-and-human-mobility-in-early-modern-england/) - DAS, Nandini (editor). 2021 Following the model of Raymond Williams’s Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society (1976), these essays "analyses a selection of terms that were central to the conceptualisation of identity, race, migration, and transculturality in the early modern period".
- [Lives in Transit in Early Modern England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/lives-in-transit-in-early-modern-england/) - DAS, Nandini (editor). 2022 Twenty-four case studies illustrating how questions of mobility and transculturality were negotiated in practice in the early modern world.
- [History of the Reformation, volumes 1-4.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/history-of-the-reformation-volumes-1-4/) - D'AUBIGNÉ, Jean-Henri Merle. 1847 D'Aubigné's work gave 19th-century Protestants a comprehensive account of their religious heritage from the Reformation, written from an evangelical perspective that emphasized its biblical foundations and opposition to Catholic doctrine and practices.
- [History of the Reformation, volume 5: The Reformation in England, volume 5.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/history-of-the-reformation-volume-5-the-reformation-in-england-volume-5/) - D'AUBIGNÉ, Jean-Henri Merle. [1853] The fifth volume, giving an account of the English Reformation of the 16th century.
- [News in Early Modern Europe: Currents and Connections.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/news-in-early-modern-europe-currents-and-connections/) - DAVIES, Simon F., and Puck Fletcher (editors). 2014 An interdisciplinary study of the production and dissemination of news in early modern Europe.
- [Mapping the Scottish Reformation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/mapping-the-scottish-reformation/) - BROCK, Mikki, and Chris Langley. 2022 An introduction to the National Records of Scotland database, Mapping the Scottish Reformation.
- [The evils of technology](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-evils-of-technology/) - If you try to follow links to the main website (Discourses of Suffering main site), you will notice that they don't currently work. An installation of WordPress on the main site conflicted with the blog, which is also a WordPress site, with disastrous consequences. I'm hoping the host provider is going to be able to
- ["Three Thomases": Tres Thomae, a Catholic work by Thomas Stapleton](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/three-thomases-tres-thomae-a-catholic-work-by-thomas-stapleton/) - Here is another text-searchable PDF file of an early modern text. Here's the link. This is the second (1612) edition of Thomas Stapleton's account of the lives of Thomas the Apostle, Thomas Beckett and Thomas More. The first edition was published in Douai in 1588. Somewhat neglected these days, Stapleton was a leading Catholic controversialist
- [Hamlet's tragic flaw is not hesitation, "To be or not to be" is not about suicide - and it matters!!](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/hamlets-tragic-flaw-is-not-hesitation-to-be-or-not-to-be-is-not-about-suicide-and-it-matters/) - There is quite a lively discussion about this topic currently taking place on LinkedIn. Please join in or comment below if you wish to add your voice to the debate! Different critics have talked about Hamlet's tragic flaw in different ways, but what most of them boil down to is dithering. Coleridge talkesabout "the lingering
- [ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚA [Basilika]. The Works of King Charles the Martyr](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/βασιλικa-basilika-the-works-of-king-charles-the-martyr/) - Another text-searchable PDF file of a seventeenth-century text. Here's the link. This is the second (1687) edition of a folio publication, over 700 pages long, divided into two parts, with the option of viewing further subdivisions for convenience / speed of downloading. Although the book is billed as being Charles's own work, John Gauden, Bishop
- [Protestant / Catholic polemic: Lucius Cary (Viscount of Falkland), Thomas White and William Chillingworth](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/protestant-catholic-polemic-lucius-cary-viscount-of-falkland-thomas-white-and-william-chillingworth/) - The 1660 edition of Lucius Cary's Discourse of Infallibility (first published in 1646 ) is my latest book scan. There's more interest these days in Cary's mother, Elizabeth (1585–1639), the first woman writer known to have written a play. Elizabeth Cary's literary career isn't really relevant here, but she plays a part in the complex
- [Discourses of suffering revisited: what was it all about?](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/discourses-of-suffering-revisited-what-was-it-all-about/) - I posted a reply to a question on Quora that has attracted quite a lot of attention. The question was, "Can you fail a Ph.D. thesis defence?" and, having failed mine twice, I felt I was in a good position to answer! Several people posted comments asking what the thesis was about so, instead of
- [Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/thomas-wentworth-earl-of-strafford/) - Wentworth's path from Lord Deputy of Ireland to the executioner's axe is well enough known in its broad outlines, but with so many twists and nuances that it is hard to evaluate. The decisive change in his fortunes came when the king, Charles I, recalled him from Ireland and charged him with putting down the
- [Archbiship Laud: A History of the Troubles and Tryal](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/archbiship-laud-a-history-of-the-troubles-and-tryal/) - The scanning continues! I had some technical problems that needed dealing with, so I'm two or three months behind with the early modern book scans, but I'm back in production now. Henry Wharton's 1695 edition of Laud's account of his imprisonment and trial, published as A History of the Troubles and Tryal of the most
- [Early Modern Digital Humanities](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-digital-humanities/) - I've added a page to my website giving details of some of the main online databases and resources for the early modern period. Click here: Early modern digital humanities. I'm sure there are many useful resources I haven't added, so please let me know if there's anything you feel should be included.
- [All you ever wanted to know about the Reformation...](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/all-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-the-reformation/) - ... in one 15-minute video!
- [The Gunpowder-Treason: with a discourse of the manner of its discovery](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-gunpowder-treason-with-a-discourse-of-the-manner-of-its-discovery/) - Go straight to the scanned book Although this work was published many years after the events it describes, and its main content is reprinted, it also contains the first printing of a number of letters relating to the plot. It is not a scarce work, and there is at least one other online copy (in
- [A True Copy of the Journal of the High Court of Justice, for the Trial of K. Charles I.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/a-true-copy-of-the-journal-of-the-high-court-of-justice-for-the-trial-of-k-charles-i/) - This full-page frontispiece is prefaced by the following poem: These lines speak for themselves, describing "Albion" as "Three Nations doom'd t'eternal slavery", symbolized by the figures crushed under the wheels of the hellish chariot that represents the Interregnum and Cromwell's Protectorate. That gives a pretty clear idea of where this book is coming from. The
- [A 15th-century manuscript book of hours](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/a-15th-century-manuscript-book-of-hours/) - Go straight to the scanned PDFs This week's book scan is a bit different from my usual fare. It's a manuscript, it's from the 15th century, it's not primarily related to suffering and - because of the limitations of OCR (optical character reader) software - it's not text-searchable. But if you have any interest in
- [Upcoming conference](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/upcoming-conference/) - The Moment of Death in Early Modern Europe, c. 1450-1800. Contested Ideals, Controversial Spaces, and Suspicious Objects. In: H-Soz-Kult, 21.02.2021, . The conference runs from August 26-28, 2021.
- [MAURUS SCOTT, CATHOLIC MARTYR (SCANNED DOCUMENT)](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/maurus-scott-catholic-martyr-scanned-document/) - It's a common enough tale, I suppose. Young man goes to Cambridge, studies law, goes to the inner Temple to complete his training, gets converted to Catholicism and ends up being hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn. Maurus Scott was one of some 355 Catholics who were either put to death or died in prison
- [Digitizing Early Modern Suffering](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-whacky-17th-century/) - I finally splashed out on a CZUR overhead scanner, which I picked up at a substantial discount from the regular market price. I strongly recommend anyyone to get one of these. Forget that dishwasher you were saving up for, or the new hairdryer you've been promising yourself; for real consumer satori nothing beats an overhead
- [Eating Nasty Things (reposted)](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/eating-nasty-things/) - [This is a reposting of a post from 2014 that seems to have spirited itself away. Fortunately I had a copy of the content tucked safely away...] This post is inspired partly by a paper written in 1976, but which I have only just come across (Frank Paul Bowman, “Suffering,Madness and Literary Creation in Seventeenth-Century
- [Enough of suffering, here's some Shakespeare stuff!](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/enough-of-suffering-heres-some-shakespeare-stuff/) - I'll no doubt be back in gear with more insights into early modern suffering sometime during 2021, but for now I'm working on a series of videos on "Shakespeare the man". Here's the first one, just giving a general overview. This next one is the first of several I'll be doing on Shakespeare's Stratford friends.
- [Rejoice! for eebo tcp phase 2 is now in the public domain](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/rejoice-for-eebo-tcp-phase-2-is-now-in-the-public-domain/) - Here it is! Something tangible and irrefutable, something that makes 2021 better than 2020 (not that that would be hard!), something to cheer the spirit and warm the cocckles of the heart. Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership Phase 2 is now in the public domain, bringing 60,331 early modern works in text-searchable form
- [Early Modern Medicine: A new online resource](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-medicine-a-new-online-resource/) - The Centre for the Study of Medicine and the Body in the Renaissance (CSMBR) is starting a new series of digital material. The first video in the series, Vegetable Harmonies, a short video with the Illuminations by Gherardo Cybo (1512-1600) on Mattioli's Discorsi sopra la Materia Medica di Dioscoride Pedacio (BL Ms Additional 22333) accompanied by Monteverdi's
- [Protestant Polemic and the Japanese Martyrs](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/protestant-polemic-and-the-japanese-martyrs/) - This is my first post for a while, partly because I've been focusing on other things, and partly because, when I did turn my attention in this direction and tried to post, the blog had disappeared! It took a while, but eventually I managed to sort out the problems and get it back, so here
- [Titus Oates and the Popish Plot](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/titus-oates-and-the-popish-plot/) - Edited, with thanks to Dr. Jonathan Oates for comments and corrections. One of the ironies of English history is that the landmark 1689 Bill of Rights, with its prohibition of “cruel and unusual” punishment, was prompted, in part, by the ill-treatment of one of the great villains of the seventeenth century. In 1678, for want
- [Sadomasochism and Christianity](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sadomasochism-and-christianity/) - This is a post on a website entitled "Bad News about Christianity". The name gives a fairly good indication of what it's all about, and there's certainly a lot of detailed information on the website, but unfortunately there is no indication of the identity of the author[s]. This seems to be intentional. Anyway, the post
- [International Society for Intellectual History](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/international-society-for-intellectual-history/) - International Society for Intellectual History "The ISIH was created in 1994 to promote the study and teaching of intellectual history in all its forms and to foster communication and interaction among the global community of scholars in the field." Among other projects, it is developing a database of twentieth-century authors whose work has shaped the
- [TIDE (Travel, Transculturality and Identity in England, c. 1500-1700)](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/tide-travel-transculturality-and-identity-in-england-c-1500-1700/) - Travel, Transculturality and Identity in England is a project funded by the ERC (European Research Council), exploring issues relating to strangers, travellers, migrants and so on. The website is an open-access resource consisting (at present) of some 40 essays contributed by Nandini Das, João Vicente Melo, Haig Smith, and Lauren Working based on keywords, such
- [Subjectivity, Self-Narratives and the History of Emotions](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/subjectivity-self-narratives-and-the-history-of-emotions/) - The University of Sussex is calling for participants to a Master Class on the History of Emotions, January 16-18, 2017. Click here for details.
- [The hurt(ful) body](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-hurtful-body/) - The hurt(ful) body Performing and beholding pain, 1600–1800 Edited by Dr Tomas Macsotay, Cornelis van der Haven and Karel Vanhaesebrouck Manchester University Press, July 2017 I know! It has been too long - far too long - since I updated this blog! Nothing could illustrate that more clearly than the fact that this book came
- [The Atlantic Slave Trade in Two Minutes](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-atlantic-slave-trade-in-two-minutes/) - Kudos to Andrew Kahn, Jamelle Bouie and Tim Jones for this graphic depiction of 20,528 voyages over 315 years, transporting some 12,500,000 Africans out of Africa and into slavery in the Americas. Read the accompanying article here: The Atlantic Slave Trade in Two Minutes It's not a new thing - it dates from 2015 -
- [Medieval spat](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medieval-spat/) - When you have an argument with your partner and you both insist that you are the one suffering the most. #medievaltwitter #medieval pic.twitter.com/pcNl4G2izO— Francois Soyer (@FJSoyer) December 15, 2016
- [All those buttons - enough to make you want to end it all!](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/all-those-buttons-enough-to-make-you-want-to-end-it-all/) - 'All this buttoning and unbuttoning' (anonymous suicide note, 18th century)(Oh, and Merry Christmas)— Early Modern Death (@EarlyModDeath) December 23, 2016
- [Death in Medieval Europe](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/deathinmedievaleurope/) - Death in Medieval Europe I haven't been keeping up with posts over the last few months - too many other things going on! I'll try to remedy that and catch up on interesting developments in the field (suppose I should make that my New Year's resolution!). Anyway, here's a new publication that may be of
- ["Jesus wept: and no wonder by Christ!"](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/jesus-wept-and-no-wonder-by-christ/) - "Jesus wept" - the shortest verse in the Bible (John 11:35) and the subject of a short piece on by Thomas Dixon on Umberto Eco and John Donne in the History of Emotions blog. The post makes the point that "Donne is one of a very few sermon writers to discuss Christ’s tears", though I
- [Blog round-up](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/blog-round-up/) - First off, I should say I was in the middle of writing a blog post on a lecture on ecstasy (the emotion, rather than the drug, though the latter did get a couple of mentions!) that I'd been to in London when there was a bereavement in the family and everything got put on hold
- [Masochism and Anachronism](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/masochism-and-anachronism/) - What does it mean to talk of "masochism" prior to the publication, in 1870, of Sacher-Masoch's Venus im Pelz [Venus in furs], or of Richard von Krafft-Ebing's adoption of Masoch's name to describe the condition of deriving pleasure from pain in Psychopathia Sexualis: eine Klinisch-Forensische Studie [Sexual psychopathy: a clinical / forensic study]? Rob Boddice's
- [Reviews of PPP](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/reviews-of-ppp/) - 1. Jan Frans van Dijkhuizen, Renaissance Quarterly, 67.1 (Spring 2014), pp. 306-307. Dr. van Dijkhuizen is a lecturer and post-doctoral researcher at Leiden University. He is the author of Pain and Compassion in Early Modern English Literature and Culture (D. S. Brewer, 2012). Soundbite: a thoroughly researched and highly original addition to the growing scholarly
- [What's wrong with Pain, Pleasure and Perversity?](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/whats-wrong-with-pain-pleasure-and-perversity/) - To say I wrote it in 9 months flat, not much. Two years after publication I've had enough feedback and enough time to think about it to be able to reflect on it and, while one or two flaws have been pointed out to me, nothing particularly damaging to my basic argument has come to
- [The OED and EEBO TCP](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-oed-and-eebo-tcp/) - Last Christmas, a friend who happens to be an antiquarian bookseller posted on Facebook an image of what he took to be the first recorded instance of the expression "merry Christmas" in print. The book in question was An Itinerary VVritten by Fynes Moryson Gent (1617). A basic search on the Early English Books Online
- [Digital humanities links](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/digital-humanities-links/) - A downloadable list of some of the most useful digital sources I've come across so far. Click here.
- [Tidbit: Laud eating Prynne's ears!](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/tidbit-laud-eating-prynnes-ears/) - Archbishop #Laud supposedly dining on ears of Wllm Prynne! "Canterbury, his change of diot"1641 (Bod) #EarlyModern pic.twitter.com/BOe7FRu35t — Maia Newley (@MettaFilms) June 12, 2015 Under inverkan av specifikt fosfodiesteras typ 5 genomgår cGMP hydrolys, vilket leder till att erektionen upphör. Detta är användningsområdet för SC. Som svar på sexuell stimulering hämmar SC selektivt 5PDE och
- [Early modern discourse communities: Catholics and Protestants](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-discourse-communities-catholics-and-protestants/) - A discourse community can be defined as having six clear characteristics: 1. “A discourse community has a broadly agreed set of common public goals.” 2. “A discourse community has mechanisms of intercommunication among its members.” 3. “A discourse community uses its participatory mechanisms primarily to provide information and feedback.” 4. “A discourse community utilizes and
- [John Gray on the decline of violence](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/tom-gray-on-the-decline-of-violence/) - John Gray argues in The Guardian that Pinker's got his sums all wrong and there has been no decline in violence.
- [Pain, Pleasure and Perversity on Google Books](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/pain-pleasure-and-perversity-on-google-books/) - I'm happy to see that Google Books now gives a very generous preview of my book. Click here and check it out!
- [The Civilizing Process and the Decline of Violence](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-civilizing-process-and-the-decline-of-violence/) - THE DEBATE over whether humanity is becoming less violent has its beginnings in Ted Robert Gurr's 1982 article "Historical trends in violent crime : a critical review of the evidence" (in Tonry and Morris, eds, Crime and Justice : an Annual Review of Research). Several other studies, mainly based on homicide data from Scandinavia and
- [Two new books on the history of pain](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/two-new-books-on-the-history-of-pain/) - Continuing my attempt to keep up with research in the field, here are two recent publications in the field of medical humanities. Rob Boddice (ed.), Pain and Emotion in Modern History (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014). Chapters by Rob Boddice, Javier Mocoso, Paolo Santangelo, David Biro, Joanna Bourke, Wilfried Witte, Nouémi Tousignant, Sheeny Cully, Liz Gray
- [Medieval Manuscripts: the Crude and the Macabre](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medieval-manuscripts-the-crude-and-the-macabre/) - I am working on a couple of substantial pieces, which I'll post in due course. Here are a couple of tidbits in the meantime... Bored to tears. (Leodegar of Poitiers; c. 1200.) pic.twitter.com/6wEYhB1Bkh — Euan McCartney (@euanmccartney) February 10, 2015 Sawly missed. (Lyon, Bibl. mun., ms. 0177; c. 1460.) #morbidmonday pic.twitter.com/MHYCdRptdG — Euan McCartney (@euanmccartney)
- [Damned if we do! Using the EEBO TCP Database](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/can-we-use-the-eebo-tcp-database/) - Can we use the EEBO TCP database? This looks like a no-brainer - what would be the use of the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership if we can't use it? - but it's actually something of a minefield. How often, I wonder, has work citing the database been met with a response like
- [Responding to criticism](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/responding-to-negative-criticism/) - To what extent should one respond to criticism of one’s work? Should one respond to it at all? Perhaps one should take a lofty attitude and simply let the critics make of one’s work what they will. Or perhaps one owes it to oneself and to scholarship to clarify things and explain oneself. I accept,
- [Using the Early English Books Online and Text Creation Partnership Databases](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/using-the-early-english-books-online-and-text-creation-partnerships/) - (This post contains the substance of a presentation I gave at the Annual Conference of the Shakespeare Society of Japan in October, 2014.) For those who are not familiar, here is an introduction to the use of the Early English Books Online database (EEBO): EEBO requires a log-in, but many - if not most -
- [Remember, remember...](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/remember-remember/) - Harald Braun on the real victims of the gunpowder Plot - the vast majority of law-abiding English Catholics. Is there a lesson in this for modern times? Too right there is! And here's a little something from my early modern bookshelf: Happy Guy Fawkes Night, everyone!
- [Protestant Reception of Catholic Literature](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/protestant-reception-of-catholic-literature/) - This is a PowerPoint presentation I made at the Reformation Studies Colloquium, Edmund Murray College, University of Cambridge, September 12th, 2014. It contains the gist of two recently-published papers, "The Protestant Reception of Catholic Devotional Literature in England to 1700" (Recusant History, Vol. 32, No. 1 (2014), pp. 67-89), and "Robert Persons’s Resolution (1582)
- [Torture and the Art of Holy Dying](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/torture-and-the-art-of-holy-dying/) - [For this post I am indebted to Olivia Weisser who, in response to my post on The Sufferings of the Martyrs and the Transgressive Female Gaze, very kindly sent me an extract from her dissertation, Gender and Illness in Early Modern England (John Hopkins, 2010), which she is currently working up for publication with Yale
- [Two Recent Books on Gender and Violence in the Early Modern Period](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/two-recent-books-on-gender-and-violence-in-the-early-modern-period/) - 1. Jennifer Feather and Catherine E. Thomas, eds., Violent Masculinities: Male Aggression in Early Modern Texts and Culture (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013). As the blurb has it, "During the early modern period in England, social expectations for men came under extreme pressure; the armed knight went into decline and humanism appeared. Here, original essays analyze a
- [Masochism in Political Behaviour](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/masochism-in-political-behaviour/) - A few months ago I commented on Jeremy Carrette's essay, 'Intense Exchange: Sadomasochism, Theology and the Politics of Late Capitalism', expressing frustration at the way in which the author speaks of the need to 'free our gendered bodies from the market of global exploitation', but refuses to commit himself to identifying sadomasochism either as part
- [The Sufferings of the Martyrs and the Transgressive Female Gaze](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-sufferings-of-the-martyrs-and-the-transgressive-female-gaze/) - Sharon Howard, 'Imagining the Pain and Peril of Seventeenth Century Childbirth: Travail and Deliverance in the Making of an Early Modern World', Social History of Medicine, 16:3 (2003), pp. 367-382, is one of those articles that appeared some years ago, but which I have only just come across. (The link, by the way, is to
- [On Placebos](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/on-placebos/) - Probably of relevance to Daniel Goldberg's comments on the history of pain (which I commented on in my last post) is Charles Rosenberg on 'The Efficacy of Placebos: A Historian’s Perspective' (Harvard, May 21). Goldberg has quite a lot to say about placebos, and their place in the history of the perception of pain, and Rosenberg
- [On the Treatment of Pain](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/on-the-treatment-of-pain/) - My attention was caught by two recent publications in the blog of The Appendix ('a quarterly journal of experimental and narrative history'). The first is 'Interpreting “Physick”: The Familiar and Foreign Eighteenth-Century Body', by Lindsay Keiter. The second, in reply to the former, is Daniel S. Goldberg on 'The History of Pain' [UPDATE: Goldberg's piece
- [Catching Up...](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/catching-up/) - The last couple of months have been pretty hectic and I haven't had much time to post here, so let me give a brief rundown of recent developments. First, let me start with the stuff I'm missing out on, being here in Japan. I was sorry to miss a roundtable discussion on Violence, Victimhood and
- [Review](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/review/) - Check out Jan Frans van Dijkhuisen's review of Pain, Pleasure and Perversity here: You'll need a JSTOR log-in to read the whole thing, but if anyone without one is particularly keen to read it, just e-mail me and I may be able to sort you out! Anyway, here's the first paragraph, just to give you
- [Don't say "Dark Ages"...](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/dont-say-dark-ages/) - ...not unless you want to upset medievalists! I'm speaking from experience here. It's not that I actually want to call them the Dark Ages, but I ventured to suggest in the LinkedIn Medieval and Renaissance Studies group that it was understandable that people used the term: these were “Dark Ages” if you think it’s a
- [Surgical Implements](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/surgical-implements/) - A couple of weeks ago I posted in answer to a question on Quora about whether there was such a thing as necessary suffering. I began by saying that in an age before anaesthetics this question could hardly even have been asked. I then went on, in my wonted fashion, to discuss the issue in
- [Disturbingly erotic...or not?](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/disturbingly-erotic-or-not/) - I posted this a few months ago, but I'm having some trouble with spambots on a few of my posts, so I'm republishing with a slightly different permalink to see if that resolves the problem. Apologies to those who've already seen it! An art historian is claiming that Dürer’s work is deeply erotic, in
- ["Necessary" suffering](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/necessary-suffering/) - I posted this on Quora, in answer to someone who wanted to know if there is such a thing as necessary suffering. To see the complete thread, click here (you'll need to create a log-in ID if you want to add comments). In an age before anaesthetics this question could hardly even have been asked.
- [Researching the Seventeenth Century Online: Tools of the Trade](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/researching-the-seventeenth-century-online-tools-of-the-trade/) - [I posted this in 2014, but since so much of the EEBO TCP database came into the public domain in January 2015 I thought it worth updating.] For those who come to this blog from academia, this is probably a post you can skip, but for people in other walks of life I thought it
- [Discourses of Suffering on Facebook](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/discourses-of-suffering-on-facebook/) - While I post all the really serious stuff right here on the blog, there are quite a lot of things I don't feel quite fit here but make for a good post on Facebook. If you don't already, check Discourses of Suffering on Facebook for tidbits and fun stuff!
- [Gender and Heroism in Early Modern English Literature](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/gender-and-heroism-in-early-modern-english-literature/) - Mary Beth Rose, Gender and Heroism in Early Modern English Literature (University of Chicago Press, 2002), makes the important point that 'the terms which constitute the heroics of endurance are precisely those terms used to construct the early modern idealization of women: patient suffering, mildness, humility, chastity, loyalty and obedience. Contending that the heroics of
- [Sadomasochism, Theology and Capitalism](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sadomasochism-theology-and-capitalism/) - There is a frustrating ambiguity to Jeremy R. Carrette, 'Intense Exchange: Sadomasochism, Theology and the Politics of Late Capitalism' (theotherjournal.com, An Intersection of Theology and Culture, April 2, 2006). To some extent this is deliberate; Carrette wants to ‘refuse the either/or mentality of Christian binary epistemology and to recognise that in complex worlds we can
- [The Terrifying Coldness of St. Agnes](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-terrifying-coldness-of-st-agnes/) - In early modern literature, the powerful, dominating female is frequently depicted as a temptress, an agent of evil, enticing her victims to ruination, but torment and destruction can come at the hands of the virtuous as easily as at those of the wicked. A man loses his head to the righteous Judith just
- [Suffering in the Modern World #3: Why suffering people make perverse decisions...](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/suffering-in-the-modern-world-3-why-suffering-people-make-perverse-decisions/) - Linda Tirado, Night Cook, Essayist, Activist, This Is Why Poor People's Bad Decisions Make Perfect Sense Lots of pain here, not much pleasure, and a fine explanation of why decisions that may seem perverse or self-destructive make perfect sense to the people who make them.
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #9: Armadillos in Unlikely Places](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-9-armadillos-in-unlikely-places/) - Edward Topsell, The Historie of Foure-Footed Beastes (London, 1607), says '0f the Tatvs, or Gvinean Beast' that 'The Merchants as I haue herd and Cittizens of London keepe of these with their garden wormes', and in the following entry, 'Of the Aiochtoctch', 'There are of these as I haue heard to be seen in Gardens
- [Christia Mercer, Knowledge and Suffering in Early Modern Philosophy: G.W. Leibniz and Anne Conway](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/christia-mercer-knowledge-and-suffering-in-early-modern-philosophy-g-w-leibniz-and-anne-conway/) - Here is a useful little paper on early modern perceptions of the passions of Christ, originally published in Sabrina Ebbersmeyer, Emotional Minds: The Passions and the Limits of Pure Inquiry in Early Modern Philosophy (Walter de Gruyter, 2012), pp. 179-206:Christia Mercer, 'Knowledge and Suffering in Early Modern Philosophy'.
- [Seventeenth-Century Tidbits #8: November 5th at Blackfriars, 1623](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seventeenth-century-tidbits-8-november-5th-at-blackfriars-1623/) - There's some interesting detail on Victoria Buckley's blog about the calamitous events of November 5th, 1623, when nearly a hundred Catholics were killed after the floor gave way in a garret where between two and three hundred had assembled to hear a sermon: Crowds quickly assembled, many to assist in the rescue of survivors, others

## Pages

- [Discourses of suffering](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/) - Discourses of SufferingEarly modern religious controversies Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c.A growing collection of complete, open-access, text-searchable facsimiles of primary sources.Open-access materials for research and further study.Links to research databases and other resources.A lively, information-packed blog. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Primary
- [Discourses of Suffering: The Blog](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/blog/) - [table id=23 /] I have recently moved this blog from another platform. The text content is intact, but images, links, etc., all need to be brought up to date. I am currently (June, 2025) working on this. Please bear with me for a few weeks! Show All Digital Humanities Discourses of suffering: Edited Extracts from
- [Contact](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/contact/) - Contact form Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.Name *FirstLastEmail *Comment or MessageSubmit Please use this form if you have comments or suggestions or content you would like to contribute to the site or, well, anything, really, as long as it isn’t spam!
- [About](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/about/) - About The first time I held an early modern book in my hands was in the Munby Rare Books Room in Cambridge University Library. It was the autumn of 1975, and I was a newly-registered PhD student, working on translations of (mainly religious) Spanish texts into English during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. I turned
- [Secondary sources and databases](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/research/) - Please also check the following lists, which may contain links to resources not included here:Secondary sources and databasesEarly Modern Colloquium list of web resourcesEarly Modern Resources Secondary sourcesOpen-access resources, ranging from online publications and web pages to videos and courses. Some files are large and may take a bit of time to load.To facilitate alphabetic
- [Sources](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sources/) - Some table columns are hidden on mobile devices for better readability. Primary SourcesComplete text-searchable facsimiles of a growing selection of works published (mostly) before 1700 and (again, mostly) relating to the religiopolitical conflicts of the early modern period. Some files are large and may take a bit of time to load.To facilitate alphabetic sorting, articles
- [Sir Lucius Cary, late lord viscount of Falkland his Discourse of Infallibility...The second edition. To which are now added two discourses of Episcopacy.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/sir-lucius-cary-late-lord-viscount-of-falkland-his-discourse-of-infallibility-the-second-edition-to-which-are-now-added-two-discourses-of-episcopacy/) - CARY, Lucius (Viscount of Falkland) Thomas White, William Chillingworth, John Pearson (Bishop of Chester). Edited, with a prefatory epistle, by Thomas Triplet (Dean of Westminster). 1660 Quarto. ESTC R4128 A reprint of Cary's 1646 discourse on Infallibility, with Thomas White's reply and Cary's rebuttal, together with two discourses on episcopacy not in the first
- [ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚA Basilika. The Works of King Charles the Martyr: With a collection of declarations,
treaties, and other papers. The second edition. Two vols.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/βασιλικa-basilika-the-works-of-king-charles-the-martyr-with-a-collection-of-declarationstreaties-and-other-papers-the-second-edition-two-vols/) - CHARLES I, King of England, William Fulman, Richard Perrinchief, John Gauden. 1687 Folio. ESTC R6734 Basilika is attributed to King Charles, but was partly authored by John Gauden (1605-1662), Bishop of Worcester: "As there is substantial historical and stylistic evidence to support both the authorship of Charles I and John Gauden, we are best
- [The first examinacion of Anne Askewe lately martired in Smythfelde.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-first-examinacion-of-anne-askewe-lately-martired-in-smythfelde/) - ASKEW, Anne, and John Bale. 1546-7 Octavo Anne Askew's account of her imprisonment and torture, editied with a commentary by John Bale. Digitised by the Internet Archive.
- [Seven sermons preached upon severall occasions.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/seven-sermons-preached-upon-severall-occasions/) - LAUD, William. 1651 Duodecimo. ESTC R202684 Despite hundreds of biblical references, these sermons are more political than religious. They were mostly preached in the presence of the king (Charles I) and the central theme is the the Divine Right of the monarch. Private collection.
- [True Copy of the Journal of the High Court of Justice, for the trial of K. Charles I...With a large introduction.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/true-copy-of-the-journal-of-the-high-court-of-justice-for-the-trial-of-k-charles-i-with-a-large-introduction/) - NALSON, John. Attested by John Phelps. 1683 Folio. ESTC R5636 A detailed account of Nalson's probable sources may be found here. Trial of Charles I Private collection.
- [Signal Loyalty and devotion of God's true saints and pious Christians, especially in this our island towards their kings](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/signal-loyalty-and-devotion-of-gods-true-saints-and-pious-christians-especially-in-this-our-island-towards-their-kings/) - PRYNNE, William. 1660 Quarto. ESTC R229902 In two parts. The second part contains an account of the coronation of James I. Private collection.
- [The Information of Stephen Dugdale.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-information-of-stephen-dugdale/) - DUGDALE, Stephen. R504 One of several accounts purporting to support Oates's claim of a Catholic plot to assassinate King Charles II and bring his Catholic brother to the throne. Popish Plot
- [Tres Thomae, seu Res Gestae S. Thomae apostoli, S. Thomae Archiepiscopi
Cantuariensis et Martyris, Thomae Mori, Angliae quondam cancellarii.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/tres-thomae-seu-res-gestae-s-thomae-apostoli-s-thomae-archiepiscopicantuariensis-et-martyris-thomae-mori-angliae-quondam-cancellarii/) - STAPLETON, Thomas. 1612 Octavo. An account in Latin of Thomas the Apostle, Thomas Beckett and Thomas More. Three Thomases Private collection.
- [Manuscript Book of Hours, use of Angers](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/manuscript-book-of-hours-use-of-angers/) - Catholic Church. c. 1490 Octodecimo manuscript. A late 15th-century French Book of Hours, written in Latin. Book of Hours, Use of Angers (c. 1490) Private collection.
- [Missale ad vsum insignis ecclesie Sar[um]
nuper accuratissime castigatu [m], perpulcrisq[ue] caracteribus impressum officia omnium sanctorum totaliter ad lo[n]gum (quod celebrantibus maxime erit vtilitati) contine[n]s cu[m] pluribus officiis nouis i[n] fine additis](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/missale-ad-vsum-insignis-ecclesie-sarumnuper-accuratissime-castigatu-m-perpulcrisque-caracteribus-impressum-officia-omnium-sanctorum-totaliter-ad-longum-quod-celebrantibus-maxime-erit-vtili/) - Catholic Church. 1509 Quarto. STC 16186 Early 16th-century Missal. The Sarum Rite (the liturgy of the Cathedral Church of Salisbury) was the principal liturgical form used in the Church of England before the introduction of the first Book of Common Prayer in 1549. This copy predates the Reformation and the names of popes and
- [Remonstrance of Piety and Innocence; containing the last devotions and protestations of several Roman-Catholicks, condemned and executed on account of the plot ... To which are annexed certain lessons, psalms and prayers ... proper for the present exigence of the times. Hereunto is also added a summary of Roman Catholick principles](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/remonstrance-of-piety-and-innocence-containing-the-last-devotions-and-protestations-of-several-roman-catholicks-condemned-and-executed-on-account-of-the-plot-to-which-are-annexed-certain-lessons/) - CORKER, James. 1683 Duodecimo. Wing C6301 Contains prayers, poems, letters, professions of innocence, etc., by Edward Coleman, William Ireland, Thomas Whitbread, William Harcourt, John Gavan, John Fenwick, Richard Langhorn, William Hoard (Viscount Stafford), Thomas Thwing, Oliver Plunkett and others, along with passages from the Bible and an avowal of the loyalty of Catholics to
- [Pilgrim's Progress from this world, to that which is to come. Sixth edition.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/pilgrims-progress-from-this-world-to-that-which-is-to-come-sixth-edition/) - BUNYAN, John. 1681 Duodecimo. The sixth edition, with additions. Digitised by Google Books.
- [Pilgrim's Progress from this world, to that which is to come. Seventh edition.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/pilgrims-progress-from-this-world-to-that-which-is-to-come-seventh-edition/) - BUNYAN, John 1681 Duodecimo. The seventh edition, with additions. Digitised by Google Books.
- [Narrative of Robert Jenison.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/narrative-of-robert-jenison/) - JENISON, Robert. 1679 Folio. ESTC R11080 One of several accounts purporting to support Oates's claim of a Catholic plot to assassinate King Charles II and bring his Catholic brother to the throne. Popish Plot Private collection.
- [Relation of the Conference Between William Laud, late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and Mr. Fisher the Jesuite by the command of King James.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/relation-of-the-conference-between-william-laud-late-lord-archbishop-of-canterbury-and-mr-fisher-the-jesuite-by-the-command-of-king-james/) - LAUD, William, Thomas Dring, John Fisher (aka John Percy). 1673 Folio. ESTC R3539 Also contains a reply to: A.C. True relations of sundry conferences had between certain Protestant doctours and a Iesuite called M. Fisher. "A.C.", [= A Catholic], may be John Sweet. Private collection.
- [Narratio mortis in odium fidei Londini in Anglia illatæ R.A.P. Mauro Scotto.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/narratio-mortis-in-odium-fidei-londini-in-anglia-illatae-r-a-p-mauro-scotto/) - RUBEUS, Johannes (vero Wilfrid Selby). 1657 Quarto. An account in Latin of the martyrdom of the Catholic convert Maurus Scott. From the collection of Sir Leicester Harmsworth, 19th-century book-collector. Maurus Scottt Private collection.
- [Narrative of Mr. John Smith.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/narrative-of-mr-john-smith/) - SMITH, John. 1679 Folio. R15413 One of several accounts purporting to support Oates's claim of a Catholic plot to assassinate King Charles II and bring his Catholic brother to the throne. Popish Plot Private collection.
- [Medicina Hispánica: Or physicall aphorisms, and medicinall rules, contained in olde sayings and ancient Spanishe proverbs.
(Manuscript.)](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medicina-hispanica-or-physicall-aphorisms-and-medicinall-rules-contained-in-olde-sayings-and-ancient-spanishe-proverbs-manuscript/) - SORAPÁN DE HIEROS, Juan. James Mabbe (translator) c. 1640? Quarto manuscript. This manuscript, found among the Strangeways family papers in the Dorchester County Record Office, was written by the Stuart Hispanist James Mabbe. Dorchester County Record Office.
- [Flaming Hart, or the life of the glorious S. Teresa](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/flaming-hart-or-the-life-of-the-glorious-s-teresa/) - AVILA, Teresa of, Saint. Translated by Tobie Matthew. 1642 Octavo. Wing T753 A Catholic translation by Tobie Matthew. Private collection.
- [Gunpowder-Treason: ... the manner of its discovery ... the proceedings against those horrid conspirators ... King James’s speech to ... Parliament, on that occasion; now re-printed. A preface .. . by ... Thomas Lord Bishop of Lincoln. And ... several papers or letters of Sir Everard Digby ... never before printed.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/gunpowder-treason-the-manner-of-its-discovery-the-proceedings-against-those-horrid-conspirators-king-jamess-speech-to-parliament-on-that-occasion-now-re-printed-a-preface/) - BARLOW, Thomas, James I, Everard Digby. 1679 Folio. ESTC R17295 A reprint of various papers relating to the Gunpowder Plot, with a preface by Thomas Barlow and an appendix of papers and letters by Everard Digby. Gunpowder Plot Private collection.
- [Fourme to be Vsed in Common Prayer.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/fourme-to-be-vsed-in-common-prayer/) - Church of England. 1563 Quarto. A later printing of the third edition (1559) of the Book of Common Prayer. The Elizabethan Prayer Book British Library, digitised by Google Books.
- [Generall Martyrologie containing a collection of all the greatest persecutions which have befallen the church of Christ from the creation to our present times.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/generall-martyrologie-containing-a-collection-of-all-the-greatest-persecutions-which-have-befallen-the-church-of-christ-from-the-creation-to-our-present-times/) - CLARKE, Samuel. 1651 Folio. Wing C4514 This Martyrologie by the puritan Samuel Clarke draws heavily on Foxe. Private collection.
- [Life and Raigne of King Henry the Eighth.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/life-and-raigne-of-king-henry-the-eighth/) - HERBERT, Edward, Baron of Cherbury. 1649 Folio. British Library, digitised by Google.
- [History of the Troubles and tryal of the most reverend father in God, and blessed martyr, William Laud, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/history-of-the-troubles-and-tryal-of-the-most-reverend-father-in-god-and-blessed-martyr-william-laud-lord-archbishop-of-canterbury/) - LAUD, William, Edmund Wharton, Henry Wharton. 1695 Folio. ESTC R354 The title page says this history of Laud's trial was "Wrote by Himself during his Imprisonment in the Tower. To which is prefixed, The Diary of His Own Life ... and subjoined ... the Archbishop's Last Will; his Large Answer to the Lord Say's
- [Heavens Glory, Hells Terror, or, Two treatises: the one concerning the glory of the saints with Jesus Christ, as a spur to duty: the other. of the torments of the damned.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/heavens-glory-hells-terror-or-two-treatises-the-one-concerning-the-glory-of-the-saints-with-jesus-christ-as-a-spur-to-duty-the-other-of-the-torments-of-the-damned/) - LOVE, Christopher. 1658 Duodecimo. ESTC R208498 A posthumous publication of the work of Christopher Love, executed in 1651 for his part in a Presbyterian plot to restore Charles II to the throne. The two treatises are separately paginated, with a separate title page for the second. Private collection.
- [Exact and True Narrative of the late popish intrigue.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/exact-and-true-narrative-of-the-late-popish-intrigue/) - MANSELL, Roderick 1679 Folio. ESTC R20941 This book focuses on one Thomas Dangerfield, who, like Oates, concocted a tale of a nonexistent plot. In Dangerfield's case, it was a transparently false claim of a Presbyterian plot to kill the king. When his tale was exposed as a falsehood, he alleged that the Catholics had
- [Grand Imposture of the (now) Church of Rome manifested in this one article of the new Romane Creede.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/grand-imposture-of-the-now-church-of-rome-manifested-in-this-one-article-of-the-new-romane-creede/) - MORTON, Thomas. 1628 Octavo. ESTC S112909 The second edition, revised, with additions. British Library, digitized by Google.
- [Hidden Workes of Darknes brought to publike light, o,r A necessary introduction to the Archbishop of Canterburie's triall.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/hidden-workes-of-darknes-brought-to-publike-light-or-a-necessary-introduction-to-the-archbishop-of-canterburies-triall/) - PRYNNE, William. 1645 Quarto Wing P3973 Title page missing. Bound together with Prynne, A Breviate of the life of William Laud (q.v.). Misbound pages after page 80: 83, 84, 81, 82, 87, 88, 85, 86, 93, 90, 91. Misnumbered pages after page 220: 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308. Private collection.
- [Booke of Common Prayer, and adminystracion of the sacramentes.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/booke-of-common-prayer-and-adminystracion-of-the-sacramentes/) - Church of England. 1550 (i.e., 1552) Quarto. ESTC S93757 The second edition of the Book of Common Prayer. Includes the initial calendar section, the "Proper Lessons" section and the full "Table for the Order of the Psalms", all present in ESTC S93756 (q.v.). The Second Prayer Book of Edward VI
- [Booke of the Common Prayer and administracion of the sacramentes.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/booke-of-the-common-prayer-and-administracion-of-the-sacramentes/) - Church of England. 1549 Quarto. ESTC S109513 Peter Blaney, The Printing and the Printers of the Book of Common Prayer, 1549-1561, shows that, while some of the sheets of this are from the first edition, most are from a later printing. The first Book of Common Prayer Boston Public Library, digitised by The Internet
- [Collection of Letters and other writings, relating to the horrid Popish Plott: Printed from the originals in the hands of George Treby Esq](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/collection-of-letters-and-other-writings-relating-to-the-horrid-popish-plott-printed-from-the-originals-in-the-hands-of-george-treby-esq/) - COLEMAN, Edward, et al. George Treby. 1681 Folio. ESTC R16576 Correspondence between Edward Coleman and the Confessor of the French King, the Papal Internuncio, Monsieur le Point proche de Charing-Cross, St. Germain (i.e., Dr. Burnet, S.J.), Father Sheldon, William Throgmorton and others. Popish Plot Private collection.
- [De optimo reip. statu, deque nova insula Utopia libellus vere aureus, nec minus salutaris quam festivus](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/de-optimo-reip-statu-deque-nova-insula-utopia-libellus-vere-aureus-nec-minus-salutaris-quam-festivus/) - MORE, Thomas 1518 Quarto. OCLC 633436628 The third edition of the 1516 original, written in Latin. Private collection.
- [Christian Directory.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/christian-directory/) - PERSONS, Robert. 1650 Octavo. A later edition of The first booke of the Christian exercise appertayning to resolution (1582), by Robert Persons (sometimes Parsons). Originally conceived as a three-volume work, the second two volumes were never actually written. Later on, this work came to be known as The "Christian Directory" and was also commonly
- [Breviate of the life of William Laud, Arch-bishop of Canterbury extracted (for the most part) verbatim, out of his owne diary, and other writings, under his owne hand](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/breviate-of-the-life-of-william-laud-arch-bishop-of-canterbury-extracted-for-the-most-part-verbatim-out-of-his-owne-diary-and-other-writings-under-his-owne-hand/) - PRYNNE, William. 1644 Quarto ESTC R19543 Prynne's version of the life of Archbishop Laud, denouncing him as a "busie body" and a "bitter Enemy" to parliamentary proceedings (p. 34). Private collection.
- [Earl of Strafforde’s letters and dispatches, with an essay towards his life by Sir George Radcliffe … Vol. I.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/earl-of-straffordes-letters-and-dispatches-with-an-essay-towards-his-life-by-sir-george-radcliffe-vol-i/) - WENTWORTH, Thomas, Earl of Strafford. William Knowler. 1739 Folio. ESTC T145338 Edited and with a dedication by William Knowler from the originals owned by Thomas Watson-Wentworth The “Essay towards his Life”, by George Radcliffe, mentioned in the title page, is appended to volume two (see index). Association copy, with the armorial bookplate of Godfrey
- [Earl of Strafforde’s letters and dispatches, with an essay towards his life by Sir George Radcliffe … Vol. 2.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/earl-of-straffordes-letters-and-dispatches-with-an-essay-towards-his-life-by-sir-george-radcliffe-vol-2/) - WENTWORTH, Thomas, Earl of Strafford. George Radcliffe. 1739 Folio. ESTC T145338 Edited and with a dedication by William Knowler from the originals owned by Thomas Watson-Wentworth The “Essay towards his Life”, by George Radcliffe, mentioned in the title page, is appended to this volume, along with addenda and an index. Association copy, with the
- [English Martyrologe.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/english-martyrologe/) - WILSON, John. 1672 Octavo. Wing W2926C The third edition (first published in 1608). A Catholic work. This copy has the bookplate of Joseph Gillow, author of A Literary and Biographical History, of Bibliographical Dictionary of the English Catholics (q.v.). Despite its title, The English Martyrologe is more a calendar of saints' days than a
- [Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/countesse-of-mountgomeries-urania/) - WROTH, Mary. 1621 Folio. ESTC S122291 The first published prose romance written by an Englishwoman. Wroth challenges traditional gender roles, giving female perspectives on love, marriage, and sexuality. Her heroines express desire openly and on their own terms. Urania was withdrawn from publication shortly after its release, not for its thinly-veiled erotic content, but
- [Apology for the true Christian divinity, as the same is held forth, and preached by the people, called, in scorn, Quakers.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/apology-for-the-true-christian-divinity-as-the-same-is-held-forth-and-preached-by-the-people-called-in-scorn-quakers/) - BARCLAY, Robert. 1678 Quarto. ESTC R1740 Originally written in Latin and published in 1676 as Theologiæ Vere Christianæ Apologia. Private collection.
- [Anatomy of Melancholy: What it Is, with All the Kinds, Causes, Symptomes, Prognostickes, and Seuerall Cures of it : in Three Partitions. The third edition.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/anatomy-of-melancholy-what-it-is-with-all-the-kinds-causes-symptomes-prognostickes-and-seuerall-cures-of-it-in-three-partitions-the-third-edition/) - BURTON, Richard. 1638 Quarto. ESTC S107137 The fifth edition of Burton's seminal work on the nature, causes, symptoms and potential cures for melancholy. Each edition contains substantial revisions and additions. Digitised from the J.T. Goodrich collection by the Wellcome Collection.
- [Book of Common Prayer and administration of the sacraments and other rites and ceremonies of the Church.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/book-of-common-prayer-and-administration-of-the-sacraments-and-other-rites-and-ceremonies-of-the-church/) - Church of England. 1687 Quarto. A later printing of the 1569 edition of the Book of Common Prayer. Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma, digitised by Google Books.
- [Boke of Common Prayer and administracion of the sacramentes.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/boke-of-common-prayer-and-administracion-of-the-sacramentes/) - Church of England. 1552 Quarto. ESTC S93756 The second edition. Lacks the initial calendar section, the "Proper Lessons" section with reading instructions and the full "Table for the Order of the Psalms", all of which are present in ESTC S93757 (q.v.). The Second Prayer Book of Edward VI
- [Anatomy of Melancholy: What it Is, with All the Kinds, Causes, Symptomes, Prognostickes, and Seuerall Cures of it : in Three Partitions. The fifth edition.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/anatomy-of-melancholy-what-it-is-with-all-the-kinds-causes-symptomes-prognostickes-and-seuerall-cures-of-it-in-three-partitions-the-fifth-edition/) - BURTON, Richard. 1638 Quarto. ESTC S122250 The fifth edition of Burton's seminal work on the nature, causes, symptoms and potential cures for melancholy. Each edition contains substantial revisions and additions. Digitised by Google Books.
- [Actes and Monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happening in the Church, with an vniuersall historie of the same. Volume 1.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/actes-and-monuments-of-matters-most-speciall-and-memorable-happening-in-the-church-with-an-vniuersall-historie-of-the-same-volume-1/) - [table id=23 /] FOXE, John. 1610 Folio. ESTC S123056 The first volume of the sixth major edition of Foxe’s work, containing additional material compiled after his death in 1587. British Library, digitised by Google Books.
- [Actes and Monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happening in the Church, with an vniuersall historie of the same. Volume 2.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/actes-and-monuments-of-matters-most-speciall-and-memorable-happening-in-the-church-with-an-vniuersall-historie-of-the-same-volume-2/) - FOXE, John 1610 Folio. ESTC S123056 For some reason, this second volume of Foxe's work is missing from the Google Books Reader. I have used a greyscale version, made from a different copy of the book by the Internet Archive. It's a large file, so I've divided it into four parts. Digitised by the
- [Actes and Monuments of matters most speciall and memorable, happening in the Church, with an vniuersall historie of the same. Volume 3.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/actes-and-monuments-of-matters-most-speciall-and-memorable-happening-in-the-church-with-an-vniuersall-historie-of-the-same-volume-3/) - FOXE, John. 1610 Folio. ESTC S123056 The third volume of the sixth major edition of Foxe's work, containing additional material compiled after his death in 1587. British Library, digitised by Google Books.
- [Booke of Christian Exercise appertaining to resolution...with a Treatise tending to Pacification by Edmund Bunny.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/booke-of-christian-exercise-appertaining-to-resolution-with-a-treatise-tending-to-pacification-by-edmund-bunny/) - PERSONS, Robert (author), and Edmund Bunny (editor). 1584 Duodecimo. ESTC S101859 Bunny (also "Buny") produced this Protestant edition of Robert Persons' Christian Directory, which came out in 1584. Bunny's Treatise tending to pacification did not pacify Persons, who wrote an angry response which appeared in later Catholic editions (q.v.). British Library, digitised by Google
- [Arraignment of lewd, idle, froward, and unconstant women: or, The vanity of them; chuse you wheter.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/arraignment-of-lewd-idle-froward-and-unconstant-women-or-the-vanity-of-them-chuse-you-wheter/) - SWETNAM, Joseph. 1690 Quarto. First published in 1615. This misogynistic diatribe sparked outrage and numerous rebuttals. Swetnam viciously attacks the vices he perceived in women, fueling an intense pamphlet war over gender roles in early 17th century England. The British Library, digitised by Google
- [About me](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/about-me/) - Find my publications on Academia.edu! I was born in Newcastle, England, in 1952. My family moved to London when I was five years old. I grew up in South London, Southampton and Henley on Thames, before going to Magdalene College, Cambridge, where I studied both as an undergraduate and a postgraduate. I still consider Cambridge
- [Early Modern Newsletter #7 February 2025](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-7-february-2025/) - Early Modern Newsletter #7, February 2025 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies There was no newsletter for January, 2025. Recent
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- [Early Modern Newsletter #8, March 2025](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-9-june-2025/) - Early Modern Newsletter #9, June 2025 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies There was no newsletter for April or May.
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- [Corpus Query Processor (CQP).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/corpus-query-processor-cqp/) - A University of Lancaster initiative. Users can analyse the EEBO corpus according to genre, etc. The Corpus of English Dialogues, the Lancaster Newsbooks Corpus (incomplete) and the Shakespeare First Folio are also included here.
- [Database of Early English Playbooks (DEEP).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/database-of-early-english-playbooks-deep/) - Basically a detailed catalogue compiled from ESTC, EEBO and other sources.
- [Digital Quaker Collection (DQC).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/digital-quaker-collection-dqc/) - A plain text searchable database of 17th- and 18th-century Quaker texts.
- [Early Modern Newsletter #3 September 2024](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-3-september-2024/) - Early Modern Newsletter #3, September 2024 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies Early Modern Newsletter #3. September, 2024 Talking about
- [Early Modern Newsletter #4 October 2024](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-4-october-2024/) - Early Modern Newsletter #4, October 2024 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies Early Modern Newsletter #4 October, 2024 Let's start
- [Early Modern Newsletter #5 November 2024](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-5-november-2024/) - Early Modern Newsletter #5, NOVEMBER 2024 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies EARLY MODERN NEWSLETTER #5: NOVEMBER 2024 Seminar: Oxford
- [Early Modern Newsletter #6 December 2024](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-6-december-2024/) - Early Modern Newsletter #6, DECEMBER 2024 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies The newsletter is a little late this month.
- [Confirmation](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/confirmation/) - [table id=23 /] You are now signed up for the Discourses of Suffering Newsletter.
- [Thank you](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/thank_you/) - XDISCOURSES OFX XSUFFERINGX [table id=23 /] Thank you for your support.
- [Elementor #3986](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/elementor-3986/)
- [Arkyves.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/arkyves/) - A database of some 900,000 images, texts and other materials from a range of libraries and museums.
- [Broadside Ballads Online.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/broadside-ballads-online/) - A Bodleian Libraries resource, featuring the Bodleian's digital collections of ballads, with links to the English Broadside Ballad Archive and to the folk song scholarship of the Roud Broadside Index.
- [Cantus: A Database for Latin Ecclesiastical Chant.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/cantus-a-database-for-latin-ecclesiastical-chant/) - Contains transcriptions and metadata for thousands of chant manuscripts from the 9th to 16th centuries.
- [Catalogue of English Literary Manuscripts 1450–1700 (CELM).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/catalogue-of-english-literary-manuscripts-1450-1700-celm/) - Originally created and hosted by King's College, London, this resource is now hosted by the Folger, It contains detailed entries on over 37,000 literary manuscripts from major British authors of the 16th-17th centuries.
- [Collations and N-grams.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/collations-and-n-grams/) - data sets derived from automated searches for N-grams and collocations among early modern English plays.
- [Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/thomas-wentworth-earl-of-strafford/) - Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford Together with his ally William Laud, the Earl of Strafford (1593-1641) played a crucial role as Lord-Deputy of Ireland, enforcing the so-called “Thorough” policies in Ireland. He developed and extended the policy of promoting the interests of newly-arrived Protestant settlers from Scotland and England and driving the native Irish from their
- [The Popish Plot](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-popish-plot/) - [table id=23 /] The Popish Plot was an alleged Jesuit conspiracy to kill King Charles II and install his Catholic brother, James, as king. The conspiracy was entirely fabricated, concocted by an inglorious character by the name of Titus Oates (pictured above), who, in September, 1678, made a sworn deposition to Edmund Godfrey, a justice
- [The Gunpowder Plot](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/the-gunpowder-plot/) - [table id=23 /] When King James VI of Scotland became the King of England (March 24, 1603), Catholics were hoping he would be more tolerant than his predecessor, Elizabeth I. Those hopes died on February 22, 1604, when James expelled all Jesuits and seminary priests. A few weeks later, on March 19, 1604, he made
- [Book of Hours, Use of Angers (c. 1490)](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/book-of-hours-use-of-angers-c-1490/) - Book of Hours, Use of Angers (c. 1490) (The numbering of Psalms follows the King James Authorised Version throughout.) Click here to view the complete manuscript. Before the advent of printing, books were written by hand. Such books took months, even years to complete. The most popular book was the Book of Hours, a collection
- [Links](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/links/) - Digital Humanities Research and Database Links This list is no longer being updated and is far from exhaustive, but it gives some idea of what’s available.Please also see the tables of databases and secondary sources. Metadata and GeneralEarly Modern Digital Agendas:http://folgerpedia.folger.edu/Early_Modern_Digital_AgendasFolger Institute projects. Some of them are listed below, but for a complete list (not all
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- [First examinacion of Anne Askewe lately martired in Smythfelde.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/first-examinacion-of-anne-askewe-lately-martired-in-smythfelde/) - ASKEW, Anne, and John Bale. 1546-7 Octavo Anne Askew's account of her imprisonment and torture, edited with a commentary by John Bale. Digitised by the Internet Archive.
- [Pilgrim's Progress from this world, to that which is to come.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/pilgrims-progress-from-this-world-to-that-which-is-to-come/) - BUNYAN, John 1681 Duodecimo. The seventh edition, with additions. Digitised by Google Books.
- [Anatomy of Melancholy: What it Is, with All the Kinds, Causes, Symptomes, Prognostickes, and Seuerall Cures of it : in Three Partitions.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/anatomy-of-melancholy-what-it-is-with-all-the-kinds-causes-symptomes-prognostickes-and-seuerall-cures-of-it-in-three-partitions/) - BURTON, Richard. 1638 Quarto. ESTC S107137 The third edition of Burton's seminal work on the nature, causes, symptoms and potential cures for melancholy. Each edition contains substantial revisions and additions. Digitised from the J.T. Goodrich collection by the Wellcome Collection.
- [Web Gallery of Art.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/web-gallery-of-art/) - Originally a Renaissance project, this site has expanded into a virtual museum and searchable database of European fine arts, decorative arts and architecture from the 3rd to 19th centuries.
- [Post-Reformation Digital Library (PRDL).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/post-reformation-digital-library-prdl/) - An extensive database of digital books relating to the development of theology and philosophy during the Reformation and Post-Reformation/Early Modern Era in Europe.
- [Power of Petitioning in Seventeenth-Century England.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/power-of-petitioning-in-seventeenth-century-england/) - Over 2,500 early modern petitions drawn from seven key collections of petitions held at national and local archives, giving new insights into the social and political changes of the time.
- [Private Libraries in Renaissance England (PLRE).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/private-libraries-in-renaissance-england-plre/) - An ongoing Folger project, giving an indispensable insight into patterns of early modern book ownership.
- [Records of Early English Drama (REED).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/records-of-early-english-drama-reed/) - A University of Toronto international project establishing the broader context of medieval and early modern theatre to 1642 through historical documents containing evidence of drama, secular music, and other forms of entertainment and ceremony.
- [Renaissance Dance.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/renaissance-dance/) - European dance from the 15th to early 17th centuries.
- [Society for Renaissance Studies.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/society-for-renaissance-studies/) - A list of online databases for early modernists.
- [Spencer's Letters.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/spencers-letters/) - Transcripts of diplomatic and other papers relating to Spencer’s years in Ireland.
- [Vaughan Williams Memorial Library.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/vaughan-williams-memorial-library/) - The library and archive of the English Folk Dance and Song Society. Essentially a detailed catalogue, though some of the material has been digitised. The original materials are publicly available at the library itself (Cecil Sharp House, 2 Regent's Park Road, London).
- [London Lives.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/london-lives/) - A fully searchable edition of 240,000 manuscripts from 1690-1800, giving access to 3.35 million names.
- [Lost Plays Database.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/lost-plays-database/) - Draws on the Stationers' Register, Henslowe's Diary, legal records, narrative and dramatic sources, etc., to piece together information about plays known to have existed but no longer extant.
- [Mapping the Scottish Reformation (MSR).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/mapping-the-scottish-reformation-msr/) - A digital prosopography of the Scottish clergy between 1560 and 1689 that allows users to explore and visualize clerical careers during this essential period in Scottish history. Built with data from manuscripts held at National Records of Scotland (NRS).
- [Medieval and Early Modern Science and Medicine: Websites/Databases.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medieval-and-early-modern-science-and-medicine-websites-databases/) - A useful set of links for students of the early modern period.
- [Medici Archive Project.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medici-archive-project/) - An extensive database of materials related to the Medici.
- [Medieval Music & Arts Foundation.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/medieval-music-arts-foundation/) - A comprehensive resource on early music, including databases of composers, works, and recordings.
- [Perseus Digital Library.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/perseus-digital-library/) - The main value of this site for early modernists is its repository of Greek and Latin texts, but it also has material in other languages.
- [Perseus Word Study Tool.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/perseus-word-study-tool/) - A branch of the main Perseus project. This is an invaluable guide to Greek and Latin words (and also Arabic and Old Norse), with full explanations of inflected forms, copious examples, etc.
- [Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership (EEBO TCP).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-english-books-online-text-creation-partnership-eebo-tcp/) - University of Michigan portal for the Text Creation Partnership database of a plain text corpus of over 50,000 books printed in England prior to 1700.
- [Early Modern Crime and the Law.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-crime-and-the-law/) - Resources and materials related to crime in early modern Britain.
- [Early Modern Crime Bibliography.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-crime-bibliography/) - A comprehensive list of research into crime in Britain during the early modern period.
- [Early Modern Letters Online (EMLO).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-letters-online-emlo/) - Created by the Cultures of Knowledge Project, funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and maintained by the Bodleian Libraries, funded by the Packard Humanities Institute. EMLO is a combined finding aid and editorial interface for basic descriptions of early modern correspondence.
- [English Handwriting Online 1500-1700.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/english-handwriting-online-1500-1700/) - This Cambridge University online course is an essential resource for anyone working with manuscript material.
- [English Short-Title Catalogue (ESTC).](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/english-short-title-catalogue-estc/) - CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE The British Library was targeted by a cyber-attack and the catalogue is offline until further notice.
- [Hap Hazard.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/hap-hazard/) - A manuscript resource for Spencer studies.
- [Hooke's Books.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/hookes-books/) - A database of all the books known to have been in Robert Hooke's personal library, with a searchable transcription of the Bibliotheca Hookiana.
- [Information of Stephen Dugdale.](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/information-of-stephen-dugdale/) - DUGDALE, Stephen. R504 One of several accounts purporting to support Oates's claim of a Catholic plot to assassinate King Charles II and bring his Catholic brother to the throne. Popish Plot
- [Early Modern Newsletter](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter/) - Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Archives: June, 2025 (current issue)March, 2025February, 2025December, 2024November, 2024October, 2024September, 2024August, 2024July, 2024
- [Early Modern Newsletter #2 August 2024](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-2-august-2024/) - Early Modern Newsletter, August 2024 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies Early Modern Newsletter August 2024 Recent research, forthcoming events,
- [frontend sitemap](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/frontend-sitemap/) - Site map Sources Posts‘‘Rapt Up with Joy”: Children’s Emotional Responses to Death in Early Modern England.“Hudibras” and the Puritan Mindset“Jesus wept: and no wonder by Christ!”“Necessary” suffering“Three Thomases”: Tres Thomae, a Catholic work by Thomas StapletonA 15th-century manuscript book of hoursA Celebration of Women Writers.A True Copy of the Journal of the High Court of
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- [Early Modern Newsletter #1 July 2024](https://discoursesofsuffering.org/early-modern-newsletter-1-july-2024/) - Early Modern Newsletter, July 2024 Sign up to receive the Early Modern Newsletter, a monthly roundup of site updates, blog posts, exhibitions, conferences, recent research, tweets and tidbits, &c. First name Last name Email I accept the privacy policy Discourses of Suffering Early modern religious controversies Early Modern Newsletter Recent research, forthcoming events, blog posts,
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